s.c.

Abbreviation for subcutaneous, i.e. below the skin, e.g. heparin injections for the prevention of thrombosis

Same material combination

Joint with two partners made of the same material, e.g. the head and the cup of an artificial hip joint made of metal

Scalpel

Surgical knife

Sclerosis

Hardening, thickening; e.g. sclerosis of the bone = thickening of the bone in arthritic joint sections

Sciaticalgy

Pain in the region of the sciatic nerve

Scintigraphy

Imaging of metabolic processes or organic functions with the aid of radioactive substances, e.g. bone or skeletal scintigraphy

Secondary

In the case of illnesses and diseases secondary means that a cause is known or there is an explanation; secondary arthrosis therefore means that the cause of the arthrosis is known

Sepsis

General infection of the entire organism

Septic

Prone to inflammation, caused by pathogens (disease-causing agents)

Serial rib fracture

A facture of several ribs lying one above the other, mainly the centre ribs

Serum

Proportion of water, salts and proteins in the blood without coagulents and cells

Shock

Also referred to as a collapse in everyday speech. This is a state of general weakness due to cardiovascular failure, caused by a drop in blood pressure. This excessively reduces the flow of blood through the brain causing dizziness or loss of consciousness

Side effects

Undesirable accompanying or subsequent effects of a certain medicine

Sliding pair

Combination of the materials that directly meet in an artificial joint (form the bearing surfaces of the joint)

Sliding partner

Serves as a sliding surface between two parts of a joint

Solar plexus shock

This is a shock (collapse) that is caused by a boxer's punch in the region of the upper pit of the stomach

Sonography

Display of sections of the body with sound-waves; e.g. examinations in pregnancy or examinations of the hip in the case of infants

Spinal

Belonging to the spine

Spondylolisthesis

Slippage of the vertebrae; this usually means the lumber spine slipping forwards in the region of the 5th lumbar vertebra. Often occurs in gymnastics and trampoline jumping

Spondylosis deformans

A disease of wear and tear to the vertebral discs. The disease also attacks the neighbouring vertebrae. It is mainly a disease suffered by older people and is a form of arthrosis

Spongiosa

Spongy bone, e.g. at the ends of long bones and forming the content of flat bones

Spongiosa plug

Plug made of bone, polyethylene or gelatine in order to prevent the bone cement penetrating too deeply into the marrow cavity

Sport injury

This is a creeping, usually no longer fully healable disease that is caused by excessive or one-sided sport. It is mainly a form of wear and tear to the cartilage of the joints which then leads to arthrosis

Staple

Closing a wound without stitches but by using metal staples

Sterile

Free of germs, infertile

Steroides

A group of substances with a certain chemical structure to which hormones, such as cortisone, also belong

Stomatitis

An inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth

Study

Planned scientific study or analysis of a certain question, e.g. the durability of an uncemented, total hip prosthesis or the type of pain suffered after joint replacement

Sub

Prefix meaning under, below, too little, incomplete

Subcutanous

Latin for "under the skin", e.g. injection of heparin or insulin, abbreviation: s.c.

Subdural Haematoma

Bleeding caused by an injury inside the inner table of the skull and below the dural membrane. The bleeding leads to pressure on the brain which means that phenomena such as unconsciousness, paralysis or somatic disturbances can occur within differing periods of time (from hours to weeks)

Subluxation

Partial dislocation, incomplete dislocation of a joint (often automatically reset)

Super

Prefix meaning excessive

Support bandage

A fixation bandage, e.g. a hard bandage to immobilise part of the body, used in the case of fractures, dislocations and after bone surgery

Support corset

A corset with a sewn-in frame to support and immobilise the spinal cord

Suppository

Administration of active agents through the mucous membrane of the (large) intestine

Supra-

Prefix meaning above, on top of, better, more

Symptom

The way in which a disease or illness manifests itself

Syndrome

A clinical picture with several characteristic symptoms

Synovectomy

Surgical removal of diseased joint tissue

Synovia

This means the "joint lubricant", a joint fluid that is formed by the mucous membrane of the joints

Synovialis

Is the inner skin of a joint

Synovial membrane

Double-walled sheaths around the tendons with a mucous fluid between the inner and the outer skin. Avoids friction to the tendons in sections exposed to particular strain

Synovitis

Inflammation of the inner skin of a joint